10. As an example in relation to this, we could mention the procedure of reporting on security and defence policy, which presents e.g. military threats, grounds for the development of the defence system as well as supporting society and the effects of international (humanitarian) conventions on military doctrine (e.g. the Ottawa Convention). Responses to Document …
We further underline, that each and every state has the ultimate responsibility in every situation where norms of international humanitarian or human rights law are breached. This includes of course the provisions in the Geneva conventions first additional protocol on the review of the legality of new weapons systems. Finland will, for our part, review …
We feel that our discussions should actually reflect the issue of trust: trust between a human and the machine in respect to the authorisation of force. Only trusted systems can be authorized to execute tasks defined by humans. To ascertain this trust, we emphasize the need for states to conduct rigorous national legal weapons reviews, …
The obligation to carry out legal reviews of new weapons under article 36 of [AP I] is crucial for ensuring that a State’s armed forces are capable of conducting hostilities in accordance with its international obligations. We call for the universalization of this important protocol and welcome the suggestion put forward in this regard by …
When considering the human element in the use of lethal force, Finland believes that compliance with international humanitarian and human rights law is a key component. The notion that humans will now and in the future exert control over decisions of life and death needs to be at the center of our deliberations. Legal reviews …
A rigorous weapons review, in line with Article 36 of [AP I], is essential for determining the legality of any new means or method of warfare. In the area of emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence and machine autonomy, the review needs to be critical, wide in scope, multidisciplinary, and detailed with regard to the …
Weapon systems including autonomous features or functions and the intended military task to be resolved require contextual review. To determine compliance/non-compliance with IHL of LAWS for the given task in certain circumstances, three interlinked key elements should be studied in all phases of preparation and planning: 1) Technological capability of the system; i.e., the level …
The Defense Command of Finland has issued a decree for the Finnish Defense Forces on the process of reviewing the legality of new weapons, means or methods of warfare in accordance with Article 36 of the 1977 Additional Protocol I to the 1949 Geneva Conventions.) The decree further describes Finland’s national procedures. The use and …
B. In order to operationalize the two-tier approach, the HCP should: (b) Commit to only develop, produce, acquire, modify, deploy or use lethal weapons systems featuring autonomy when the following provisions are fulfilled: i. compliance with international law is ensured when studying, acquiring, adopting or modifying (legal review — see guiding principle e) and using …
